Summary
Account Type - The type of accounts filed in the latest annual accounts, e.g.: Full accounts, Group (consolidated company group accounts), total exemption, micro accounts, dormant accounts
Consolidated Accounts (Y/N) - Indicates whether current accounts are consolidated accounts or not.
Consolidated accounts are financial statements in which the financials of the parent company and its subsidiaries are presented as those of a single economic entity. aggregated look at the financial position of a parent and its subsidiaries.
Bank Name - Name of the bank the company has reported banking with (if specified)
Accounting Period (Months) - Number of months' activity reflected in the current set of accounts. Most common period is 12 months.
Auditor - Name of the business which have audited the company's latest accounts (if specified). This is not required for smaller companies filing unaudited accounts.
Profit & Loss
Turnover - The income that a business has from its normal business activities, usually from the sale of goods and services to customers. AKA revenue, sales or top line. Not including Export Turnover.
Export Turnover - Turnover from overseas trading (often reported in the notes to the financial accounts)
Total Turnover - Turnover + Export Turnover
Cost of Sales - The total cost to the business of all goods sold during the accounting period. AKA cost of goods sold (COGS). Includes:Cost of products or raw materials, including transportation Cost of storing products Direct labor costs Factory overhead expenses Depreciation
Total Expenses -
Gross Profit - Gross profit = Turnover - cost of goods sold
i.e. everything you sold, minus what it cost you to make it in terms of 'raw ingredients'.
Other Expenses -
Operating Profit - Operating profit = Operating revenue - operating expenses - cost of goods sold - depreciation - amortisation
What the company earns from operations alone. This doesn't include expenses associated with due interest payments and taxation. Is equal to EBIT if the company has no non-operating revenue.
Pre-tax Profit or Loss (e.g Profit Before Tax, Earning Before Tax) - Pre-tax profit = sum of profits - tax- i.e. what's left from turnover after deducting everything but tax due. (tax is subtracted in the equation because tax due is a negative number)
Tax Payable (Credit) - Sum owed in taxes. A negative number indicates a tax charge to the business.
Dividends (Profit & Loss) - Sum paid out of post-tax profits as dividends to shareholders.
Retained Profit or Loss - Retained profits = Post-tax profit - dividends payable - i.e. what's left for the business from post-tax profits after paying out shareholders dividends.
Post-tax profit (£) - Post-tax profit = Pre-tax profit - taxation - i.e. profit left after interest, one-off costs and taxes have been deducted. AKA PAT (profit after tax), NIAT (net income after tax)
Exceptional Items Credit / (Debit) - Any significant gain or loss from income or expense that is not expected to occur regularly. Refer to the annual accounts filing for specific details.
Depreciation - The fall in value of tangible assets over their useful life.
Amortisation of Intangibles (£) - The fall in value of intangible assets over their useful life
Interest Receivable (£) - Interest payments due to the business.
Interest Payable (£) - Interest payments due to be paid out by the business.
Balance Sheet
Assets
Total Tangible Fixed Assets - Assets that have physical presence. Unlike some, we use 'tangible assets' to refer exclusively to fixed tangible assets. See also 'Depreciation' under 'Other Financials'.
Intangible Fixed Assets - Assets that do not have physical presence. Unlike some, we use 'intangible assets' to refer exclusively to fixed intangible assets. E.g. intellectual property, brand value, specialised knowledge, etc. See also 'Amortisation' under 'Other financials'.
Other Fixed Assets - Leftover fixed assets that are not in tangible or intangible assets.
Total Fixed Assets - Fixed assets = Intangible fixed assets + Total tangible fixed assets + Investments & other
Total Stocks & WIP - Value of raw materials and produced goods, and goods in the stages between those two. Also known as inventory or merchandise.
Trade Debtors - Amount owed to the company by customers for goods or services they have received but not yet paid for. Along with 'other debtors' this makes up accounts receivable.
Other Debtors - See preceding entry. Amount owed to the company from other sources.
Total Debtors - Sum of Trade Debtors + Other Debtors.
Cash - Cash in hand and at the bank.
Other Current Assets - Unspecified current assets.
Total Current Assets - Assets that are sufficiently liquid to be converted to cash within a year. Current assets = Stock + Trade debtors + Cash + 'other assets due within one year of the accounts date'
Total Assets - Total assets = Fixed assets + Current assets
Liabilities
Trade Creditors - Amounts owed to suppliers.
Other Short Term Finances - Amount owed to sources not elsewhere specified.
Miscellaneous Current Liabilities - Unspecified liabilities due within one year of the accounts date.
Current Liabilities - Amounts owed to trade creditors and other liabilities due within one year of the accounts date.
Total Long Term Liabilities - Amounts owed to trade creditors and other liabilities due after one year of the accounts date.
Total Liabilities - Current and long term liabilities.
Total Net Assets - Total assets minus total liabilities.
Bank Loans & Overdrafts - Overdrawn balances on current accounts and loans. For long term loans, only the amount repayable within 12 months is shown here, the remainder in long term liabilities
Social Security -
Corporation Tax -
Leasing (Current) - The total amount of money tied up in Leasing arrangements due within the next 12 months. This may include rented property and equipment.
Other Long Term Finances - Value of leases, future employee benefits, deferred taxes, and other obligations not requiring interest payments that must be paid over a period of more than one year.
Equity Paid Up - Amount of capital funded by shareholders. Also known as paid-up capital.
Revaluation Reserve - Used to record a change in the value of an asset.
Sundry Reserves - Capital reserves, share premium account, and other company reserves.
Profit & Loss Account Reserve - The profit and loss account reserve represents cumulative retained profits which are legally available to pay dividends to shareholders.
Shareholder Equity
Issued Share Capital - the total value of shares that a company has issued to its shareholders.
Share Premium Account - The amount paid for shared above their nominal value.
Retained Earnings - Net profits that are reinvested back into the business rather than being paid out as dividends to shareholders.
Other Reserves - Capital returns, share premium account and other reserve funds.
Total Shareholder Funds - Equity paid up and reserves, equals net assets.
Capital Employed (£) - The capital investment necessary for a business to function. Defined as (shareholders' equity + debt liabilities) or (total assets - current liabilities)
Net Worth - Total assets - Total liabilities
Ratios & Disclosures
EBIT - EBIT = Pre-tax Profit + Interest - Earnings before interest & tax.
EBITDA - EBITDA = Operating profit + depreciation + amortisation of intangibles - Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortisation.
EBITDA Post Dividends - EBITDA Post Dividends = EBITDA - Dividends (Profit & Loss).
Working Capital (£) - Working capital = Current assets - current liabilities - Also called 'net working capital'. In order to set aside differences in overall company size, often working capital ratio is used.
Number of Employees (No.) - Number of employees
Total Employee Salary - Expenses constituted by paying wages and salaries.
Total Director Salary - Expenses made up of any transfer of value to directors
Highest Paid Director - Where reported, indicates the salary of the highest pair director in the company
Profit per Employee - Operating profit + (Wages ÷ Number of Employees) - The financial value (profit) an average employee brings to an organization, also known as Human Capital Value Added
Sales per Employee - Turnover ÷ Number of Employees - Turnover per employee (annualised)
Tangible Assets per Employee - Total Tangible Fixed Assets÷ Number of Employees
Auditor Fees - Cost of auditing
Audit Qualifications - Any adverse comments raised by the auditors during their report
Assets per Employee - Total Assets÷ Number of Employees - Total assets per employee (annualised)
Pre Tax Margin - Pre-tax Profit ÷ Turnover - Pre-tax profit expressed as a percentage of turnover
Interest Cover (Times) - Earnings before interest and tax (EBIT) divided by Interest payable
Current Ratio (No.) - Current ratio = Current assets ÷ Current liabilities - Identical to working capital ratio above. Includes all assets and liabilities.
Acid Test (No.) - Acid Test = (Current assets - Stock) ÷ Current liabilities
Stock Turnover (Times) - The number of times Stock is sold and replaced during the accounting period (Turnover ÷ Stock) Also known as Inventory Turnover Ratio.
Debtor Days - Average number of days required for a company to receive payment from its customers for invoices issued to them.
Working Capital by Sales - Working Capital expressed as a percentage of turnover
Trade Creditors by Debtors - Trade creditors ÷ Total debtors
Return on Capital - Operating profit ÷ Capital employed i.e. How much profit is being made on the money invested in the business?
Return on Assets - Return on assets = Operating profit ÷ Average total assets (averaged over 2 years) × 100% - Also called ROA.
Shareholder Funds Return - Shareholder funds return = Post-tax profit ÷ Average shareholder funds (averaged over 2 years) × 100% Also called Return on Equity (ROE). Recall that post-tax profit is net income.
Borrowing Ratio - The ratio between debts and total assets of a company.
Equity Gearing - Total Liabilities expressed as a percentage of Shareholder Funds: Equity Gearing: Net debt ÷ Shareholder funds x 100%
Debt Gearing - Net Debt expressed as a percentage of Shareholder Funds: Net debt basis: Net debt ÷ Shareholder funds x 100% (Where Net debt = Gross debt - Cash)
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